Abstract: We used the endangered resource plant Yunnanopilia longistaminea as research material in this research,which is endemic to Southwest China.Photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of leaves of the introduction planting and natively cultivating materials were measured respectively.The study of the impact of the introduction on photosynthetic physiological indicators gave rise to a theoretical basis of the introduction of Y.longistaminea.The results suggested that the introduction of Y.longistaminea can elevate the net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of leaves which can further promote photosynthesis and therefore illustrate.For the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,the maximal photochemical efficiency（Fv/Fm）and the actual quantum yield of photosystem Ⅱ（ΦPSⅡ）advanced significantly under the introduction of Y.longistaminea.Moreover,the value of F0 of the introduction planting materials was significantly higher than that of the local ones.