Abstract: The authors retrospect the past taxonomic and phylogenetic works on the family Drosophilidae in China(including Taiwan),withmphasis on works of the Chinese researchers during the past 30 years.The tasks/challenges the Chinese drosophilid researchers confronting with and the importance of DNA barcoding in the drosophilid taxonomy and phylogenetics are summarized.Finally,we propose our scheme:select key,representative species for focal drosophilid lineages and then do transcriptomic sequencing,for each of the focal taxa,select genetic markers and design PCR primers for them referring to the alignment of available genomic/transcriptomic sequences.This scheme is expected facilitate resolving the terminal phylogeny thrughout the whole family.