Abstract: The relationship between the species diversity and the productivity of plant community was researched by analyzing the samples collected from 5 different typical grassland communities in Hulunbeier Grassland, in order to provide theoretical basis for the function recovery of grassland ecosystem and the effective management of Hulunbeier Grassland.The results showed:a significant positive correlation was found for Stipa grandis+Kengia squarrosa community, Leymus chinensis+ Stipa kryrowii community, Stipa kryrowii+ Leymus chinensis community and Stipa baicalensis+ Leymus chinensis community between species diversity indices (Species richness index, Simpson index and Shannon-Winner index) and the productivity of plant community, except for Leymus chinensis+Carex duriuscula community.The productivity of plant community was determined by many factors like species composition, environment factors, species diversity, not only by species diversity.