Abstract: In order to reveal the effects of foliage density on ground-dwelling ant communities in different habitats caused by changing land usage,investigations were conducted on ground-dwelling ant communities in Lüchun County among secondary natural forest,eucalyptus plantation,lac insect plantation,lac-corn agroforestry,rubber plantation,dry land and farmland.Levy Pole method was applied to analyze foliage density in different sites.16704 ant individuals were collected,representing 106 species 44 genera from 8 subfamilies of Formicidae.The results were as follow:① Foliage density of five zones from 0 to 125cm and the zone above 300cm showed significant difference among 7 different habitats.Eucalyptus plantation had the highest foliage density in the zone from 0 to 100cm.The foliage density of the zone from 100cm to 200cm changed significantly among five habitats.The zone above 300cm of rubber plantation had the highest foliage density.② The species richness (χ2=140.867,P<0.01) and relative abundance (χ2=133.359,P<0.01) of ants from different habitats showed significant difference.The species richness and relative abundance was highest in Lac-corn agroforestry,followed as secondary natural forest and eucalyptus plantation,farmland had the lowest ant species richness and relative abundance.The ant community structures had significant difference among different habitats (ANOSIM Global R=0.616,P<0.01).The habitats with a similar foliage density had similar ant community structures.③ Ground-dwelling ant species richness was positively related with the zone from 25cm to 50cm (Pearson=0.156,P=0.024).Relative abundance of ants had positive relation with the zone above 300cm (Pearson =-0.149,P=0.031).Foliage density of the zone above 300cm had significant effect on the ant species richness in eucalyptus plantation (Y=e6.85+1.344X,P=0.04).Foliage density of the zone above 300cm had effects on ant species richness in secondary natural forest (Y=e18.61+2.36X,P<0.01).Foliage density of the zones from 150cm to 175cm and over 300cm had effects on ant relative abundance in eucalyptus plantation (Y=e18.61+0.680X,P=0.01).Foliage density of the zones from 25cm to 150cm had much more effect on the ant community structures of eucalyptus plantation,lac plantation and lac-corn agroforestry.Foliage density of the zone above 300cm had effect on the ant community structures of rubber plantation.The habitats with complex lower plants will provide living spaces and food resources to ants,which benefits the ant diversity conservation.