钟荣华, 成旭鹏, 黄江成, 王飞, 胡金明. 小湾水库消落带空间分布特征[J]. 云南大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 39(6): 1104-1110. doi: 10.7540/j.ynu.20170277
引用本文: 钟荣华, 成旭鹏, 黄江成, 王飞, 胡金明. 小湾水库消落带空间分布特征[J]. 云南大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 39(6): 1104-1110. doi: 10.7540/j.ynu.20170277
ZHONG Rong-hua, CHENG Xu-peng, HUANG Jiang-cheng, WANG Fei, HU Jin-ming. Spatial distribution of water level fluctuating zone in the Xiaowan Reservoir,China[J]. Journal of Yunnan University: Natural Sciences Edition, 2017, 39(6): 1104-1110. DOI: 10.7540/j.ynu.20170277
Citation: ZHONG Rong-hua, CHENG Xu-peng, HUANG Jiang-cheng, WANG Fei, HU Jin-ming. Spatial distribution of water level fluctuating zone in the Xiaowan Reservoir,China[J]. Journal of Yunnan University: Natural Sciences Edition, 2017, 39(6): 1104-1110. DOI: 10.7540/j.ynu.20170277

小湾水库消落带空间分布特征

Spatial distribution of water level fluctuating zone in the Xiaowan Reservoir,China

  • 摘要: 明确消落带空间分布是研究消落带生态环境变化的重要基础,同时也对小湾水库消落带的治理与生态恢复有重要指导意义.作者以小湾库区干流澜沧江和支流黑惠江消落带为研究对象,基于高分一号和Google Earth影像数据,利用ArcGIS空间分析功能,对库区不同高程、县域、坡度和坡向的消落带面积进行了统计和分析.结果表明:小湾库区消落带总面积为87.03km2,其中干流面积为48.46km2,支流面积为38.57km2.小湾库区消落带共涉及云南省三个地州(市),消落带面积分别为大理州32.84km2,临沧市26.65km2,保山市27.54km2,其主要分布在临沧的凤庆、保山的昌宁、大理的永平和巍山四县.在海拔梯度上,消落带面积主要分布在海拔1190~1200、1210~1220、1230~1240m 3个高程范围内,其面积均超过18km2,三者之和占总面积比例超过60%.小湾水库消落带主要分布在坡度小于35区域,其中15的平缓坡消落带面积最大,达到26.12km2,占总面积的30%左右,且其主要分布在干流,支流平缓坡消落带面积较小.15~35之间的斜坡、陡坡分布的消落带面积超过了总面积的一半,为43.79km2.整个小湾库区,平坡消落带的面积最大,其次为东北、西南坡向,分别占总面积的13.39%和13.20%.

     

    Abstract: Since the fully implemented of Xiaowan Reservoir in 2008,an artificial riparian zone with a vertical height of 60 m has been created.The comprehensive action of periodical submerged-exposed and storm runoff causes severe soil erosion and ecological degradation,which prone to cause the bank collapse and landslide.Understanding the spatial distribution characteristics of water level fluctuating zone (WLFZ) in Xiaowan Reservoir would provide an important prerequisite for investigation of ecological changes,which could provide guiding significance for the ecological regulation and restoration of the area.Based on GF-1 and Google Earth image data,the different counties,elevations,slopes and aspects of the riparian zone area were investigated by using ArcGIS spatial analysis function.The results showed that the total area of WLFZ in Xiaowan Reservoir is 87.03km2,with 48.46km2 in mainstream (Lancang River) and 48.46km2 in tributary (Heihui River).Three prefectures (cities) of Yunnan Province is involved,including 32.84km2 in Dali,26.65km2 in Lincang and 27.54km2 in Baoshan.Most of the WLFZs are distributed at 11901200m,12101220m and 12301240m,with the area is all over 18km2 and taking over 60% of the total.WLFZs in Xiaowan Reservoir is mainly below 35,and the area of gentle slopes at less than 15 is 26.12km2 and accounting for about 30% of total WLFZ area,which mainly distributed in the mainstream of Lancang River.WLFZ area with slope between 1535 is 43.79km2,which takes over half proportion of the total area.In conclusion,WLFZ area of flat slope,northeast,southwest slope accounting for 17.55%,13.39% and 13.20% of total WLFZ area,respectively.Meanwhile,a series of problems such as vegetation degradation,landscape diversity decrease,severe soil erosion,serious sediment deposition,frequent geological disasters,pollutants detention,fragile ecological environment arise by the formation of WLFZ in Xiaowan Reservoir.

     

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