Abstract: The host-guest inclusion complex of β-cyclodextrin and brazilin was prepared and its inclusion behavior and properties were explored. The inclusion ratio and stability constant of the inclusion complex were determined with UV-visible spectroscopy. The inclusion complex was characterized by means of XRD, DSC and TG. The inclusion mechanism of host-guest was studied by quantum chemical calculation and molecular docking simulation. The results showed that inclusion ratio of β-cyclodextrin and brazilin inclusion complex was 1:1. After the formation of the inclusion complex, the thermal stability was improved. Quantum chemical calculations showed that brazilin has the lowest binding energy when it entered the β-cyclodextrin cavity by the side of monohydroxy benzene ring, and formed complex by hydrogen bonding. The molecular docking simulation showed that the optimized conformation of lowest binding energy is brazilian from the large end by the monohydroxy side enters the β-cyclodextrin cavity, which is consistent with the quantum chemical calculation results.