Abstract: A traditional configurable ring oscillator physical unclonable function (RO-PUF) is proposed to be a group configurable RO-PUF based on the delay characteristics of RO-PUF due to the configurable path simplicity resulting in low reliability and uniqueness. The design scheme redesigned the RO structure to make the configurable path of the RO-PUF more flexible and increase the number of excitation response pairs (CRPs); at the same time, the lightweight SPONGENT hash algorithm is introduced into the RO-PUF structure, which makes the mapping between excitation and response more complicated, preventing attackers from establishing model attacks by acquiring CRPs and enhancing RO-PUF security. Finally, the design scheme is implemented on Xilinx Spartan series FPGA chip, and the experimental results are compared and analyzed. The results show that the average reliability of configurable RO-PUF based on RO group can reach 98.88% and the uniqueness can reach 49.14%.