马文涛, 武胜利. 不同林龄胡杨净光合速率对生态因子和生理因子的响应[J]. 云南大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 42(5): 1004-1013. doi: 10.7540/j.ynu.20190624
引用本文: 马文涛, 武胜利. 不同林龄胡杨净光合速率对生态因子和生理因子的响应[J]. 云南大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 42(5): 1004-1013. doi: 10.7540/j.ynu.20190624
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MA Wen-tao, WU Sheng-li. Responses of net photosynthetic rate of Populus euphratica at different ages to ecological and physiological factors[J]. Journal of Yunnan University: Natural Sciences Edition, 2020, 42(5): 1004-1013. DOI: 10.7540/j.ynu.20190624
Citation: MA Wen-tao, WU Sheng-li. Responses of net photosynthetic rate of Populus euphratica at different ages to ecological and physiological factors[J]. Journal of Yunnan University: Natural Sciences Edition, 2020, 42(5): 1004-1013. DOI: 10.7540/j.ynu.20190624
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不同林龄胡杨净光合速率对生态因子和生理因子的响应

Responses of net photosynthetic rate of Populus euphratica at different ages to ecological and physiological factors

    摘要
  • 摘要: 通过对比研究4个林龄（2、3、5、7 a）胡杨(Populus euphratica Oliv.)光合特性，为深入揭示不同林龄胡杨光合生理特征及对塔里木河下游胡杨林更新复壮提供依据. 利用Li-6400XT便携式光合仪测定胡杨净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Gs）、蒸腾速率（Tr）等生理因子及温度（T）、光合有效辐射（PAR）、相对湿度（RH）等生态因子，应用相关分析、逐步回归分析、通径分析，系统研究了不同林龄胡杨在速生期（6—8月）净光合速率的日变化特征及其与生理和生态因子的关系. 结果表明：各林龄胡杨净光合速率在速生期均为单峰曲线，没有明显“午休”现象，7年生胡杨净光合速率、蒸腾速率、水分利用效率（WUE）日均值显著高于其它3个林龄（P<0.05）；速生期胡杨净光合速率与光合有效辐射、气孔导度呈极显著正相关（P<0.01），且光合有效辐射的直接作用和决定系数较大，气孔导度的直接作用大于其他因子的间接作用，决定系数仅次于PAR，其它因子也对净光合速率有不同程度的影响；各林龄胡杨对各生态因子和生理因子的响应有所不同，6月份温度为7年生胡杨净光合速率限制变量，8月份叶温（Tl）为2年生和7年生胡杨净光合速率限制变量，7月份各生理、生态因子对净光合速率均起促进作用. 研究结果表明速生期不同林龄胡杨净光合速率主要受光合有效辐射和气孔导度的影响，但不存在简单的线性关系，是众多因子综合影响的结果. 随着林龄的增加，胡杨的光合性能较好，生产力高.

     

    Abstract: The photosynthetic characteristics of Populus euphratica in four forest ages (2, 3, 5 and 7 years) were studied in order to reveal the photosynthetic physiological characteristics of Populus euphratica in different forest ages and provide basis for regeneration and rejuvenation of Populus euphratica in the lower reaches of Tarim River. Li-6400xt portable photosynthetic instrument was used to measure the physiological factors such as net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr) and ecological factors such as temperature (T), photosynthetic effective radiation (PAR) and relative humidity (RH). Correlation analysis, stepwise regression analysis and path analysis were used to systematically study Pn of Populus euphratica at different ages in fast-growing period (June, July and August) and the characteristics of daily change and its relationship with physiological and ecological factors. The results showed that the Pn was a single peak curve in the fast-growing period, and there was no significant "lunch break" phenomenon. The Pn, Tr and WUE of 7-year-old Populus euphratica were significantly higher than those of the 3 other ages (P < 0.05). The Pn of fast-growing Populus euphratica was positively correlated with PAR and Gs (P < 0.01), the direct effect and decisive coefficient of PAR were large, the direct effect of Gs was greater than that of other factors, the determination coefficient was next to PAR, and other factors also have different effects on Pn. The responses of Populus euphratica to ecological and physiological factors were different. T is the limiting variable of Pn of 7-year-old Populus euphratica in June, Tl is the limiting variable of Pn of 2-year-old and 7-year-old Populus euphraticain August, and all physiological and ecological factors promote Pn in July. The results showed that Pn of Populus euphratica at different forest ages was mainly affected by PAR and Gs, but there was no simple linear relationship, which was the result of a comprehensive effect of many factors. With the increase of forest age, the photosynthetic performance and productivity of Populus euphratica were better.

     

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