柯莉萍, 谷晓平, 张艳, 吕静, 杨洋. 贵州乌蒙山区雨滴谱特征及降水估测研究[J]. 云南大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 43(6): 1166-1175. doi: 10.7540/j.ynu.20210038
引用本文: 柯莉萍, 谷晓平, 张艳, 吕静, 杨洋. 贵州乌蒙山区雨滴谱特征及降水估测研究[J]. 云南大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 43(6): 1166-1175. doi: 10.7540/j.ynu.20210038
KE Li-ping, GU Xiao-ping, ZHANG Yan, LYU Jing, YANG Yang. Characteristics of raindrop spectrum and precipitation estimation in Wumeng Mountain area, Guizhou Province[J]. Journal of Yunnan University: Natural Sciences Edition, 2021, 43(6): 1166-1175. DOI: 10.7540/j.ynu.20210038
Citation: KE Li-ping, GU Xiao-ping, ZHANG Yan, LYU Jing, YANG Yang. Characteristics of raindrop spectrum and precipitation estimation in Wumeng Mountain area, Guizhou Province[J]. Journal of Yunnan University: Natural Sciences Edition, 2021, 43(6): 1166-1175. DOI: 10.7540/j.ynu.20210038

贵州乌蒙山区雨滴谱特征及降水估测研究

Characteristics of raindrop spectrum and precipitation estimation in Wumeng Mountain area, Guizhou Province

  • 摘要: 利用2018年5—9月贵州乌蒙山区5个不同国家气象站的DSG1降水天气现象仪雨滴谱观测数据及雨量站数据,对该地区雨滴谱微物理特征量、M–P谱特征进行分析,并基于雨滴谱的Z−R关系初步进行估测降水,为进一步讨论降雨的云物理过程,更精确地定量估测降水奠定基础. 结果表明,乌蒙山区直径为1~2 mm的雨滴对总数浓度的贡献率最大,直径4档以上的雨滴对总数浓度的贡献可以忽略不计;小雨强时直径1 mm的雨滴对雨强的贡献率最大;随着雨强的增大,直径1 mm的雨滴贡献率逐步减小,2、3档粒子对总雨强的贡献率最大;不同海拔高度的雨滴谱基本遵循负指数规律,影响M–P谱分布的主要是雨滴直径在3 mm以下降水;雨滴谱的Z–R相关性强,估测降水误差小,特别是在对流云降水过程中更加接近实际降水.

     

    Abstract: Based on the data of DSG1 precipitation weather phenomenometer and rainfall of five national stations in Wumeng Mountain area, Guizhou Province from May to September in 2018, the microphysical characteristics and M–P spectrum characteristics of raindrop spectrum are analyzed, and the precipitation is preliminarily estimated based on the Z–R relationship of raindrop spectrum, which lays a foundation for further discussion of cloud physical process of rainfall and more accurate quantitative precipitation estimation. The results show that the rain-drops of 1–2 mm diameter in Wumeng Mountain area contribute the greatest to the total number concentration and rain intensity (TNCARI), while the contribution of rain-drops of diameters over grade four to TNCARI could be ignored. As for the period of light rain intensity, the rain drops of 1 mm diameter contribute the greatest to rain intensity. And with the increase of rain intensity, the contribution rate of rain drops of 1 mm diameter gradually decreases, while the contribution of the particles of grades 2 and 3 is the greatest. The raindrop spectra at different altitudes basically follow the negative exponential law, and the precipitation with rain drops of diameters below 3 mm is the main factor affecting the M–P spectrum distribution; the Z–R correlation of raindrop spectra is strong, and the estimated precipitation error is small, especially in the convective cloud precipitation process, which is closer to the actual precipitation.

     

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