Abstract: The spatial and temporal distribution variation characteristics of the rainfall over China are analyzed by using precipitation anomaly field of every month and every season from March in 1951 to February in 2002 of nationwide 160 meteorological observing stations.There are six main conclusions as follows:①the main type of Chinese precipitation spatial distribution is latitudinal pattern;②the time scale of precipitation is as large as the spatial distribution scale of precipitation;③the spatial distribution scale of Winter rainfall is larger than that of Summer rainfall;④the interannual change of Summer rainfall spatial distribution is larger than that of Winter rainfall spatial distribution;⑤the positive correlation of the precipitation spatial distribution variation of Spring and Summer is much significant;⑥the spatial distribution of Spring precipitation has significance period which is about 2.4～3.0 years,and the spatial distribution of Winter rainfall has also significance period which is about 2.3～2.8 years.