Abstract: Xishuangbanna locats at the margin of tropical area,is a biodiversity-culture hotspot.With the Scio-economical development in the last 30 years,most of original tropical forest was cleared for rubber plantations,which threaten the biodiversity conservation.Local people’s support should play an important role in conservation,but is neglected for a long time.To understand the local’s knowledge,perception,attitudes,responsibility and motive toward tropical rainforest biodiversity conservation,317 Dai households form 17 villages in 2010 were surveyed.The result indicated that Dai people still have an abundant of knowledge about rainforest plants,but the naming plants ability were decreasing slightly with the forest loss.They recognized that forest decreased sharply,also the wild animals and plants,and Dai emotionally prefer rainforest to rubber plantation.They thought conservation is the government’s duty,some of them thought that they have no responsibility individually,but welcome their children to learn the environmental protection knowledge.Though the environmental pressure of water shortage increased,many people said they still want to grow more rubber.