Abstract: To clarify genetic background of eggplant germplasm resources,the analysis of genetic diversity in 37 accessions of eggplants collected in China was done by 9 agronomic characters and 6 SSR markers.The results indicated that the variation coefficient of 9 agronomic characters of eggplant was 8.99%—44.69%.The maximum coefficient of variation was found in fruit shapes,the transverse diameters of the fruits showed the minimum coefficient of variation.13 polymorphic bands were generated by SSR markers.An average of 2.1667 polymorphic bands was detected from one pair of SSR primers,and the average of effective number of alleles was 1.8620,Shannon's information index was 0.6591 and PIC (polymorphism information content) was 0.4399. 37 germplasms could be divided into four groups by 9 agronomic characters and 6 SSR markers respectively,but the groups divided by agronomic characters were not corresponding to the clusters resulted from SSR markers.The results of agronomic characters and SSR markers both indicated that the genetic diversity of the collected eggplant germplasm was low,and genetically close.The study could provide a theoretical basis for further research and breeding of eggplant.