孙兆帅, 杨野, 崔秀明, 官会林, 邱丽莎. 三七及种植土壤重金属含量特征与人体健康风险评价[J]. 云南大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 42(4): 750-759. doi: 10.7540/j.ynu.20190680
引用本文: 孙兆帅, 杨野, 崔秀明, 官会林, 邱丽莎. 三七及种植土壤重金属含量特征与人体健康风险评价[J]. 云南大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 42(4): 750-759. doi: 10.7540/j.ynu.20190680
SUN Zhao-shuai, YANG Ye, CUI Xiu-ming, GUAN Hui-lin, QIU Li-sha. The characteristics of heavy metal content and health risk assessment in Panax notoginseng and planting soil[J]. Journal of Yunnan University: Natural Sciences Edition, 2020, 42(4): 750-759. DOI: 10.7540/j.ynu.20190680
Citation: SUN Zhao-shuai, YANG Ye, CUI Xiu-ming, GUAN Hui-lin, QIU Li-sha. The characteristics of heavy metal content and health risk assessment in Panax notoginseng and planting soil[J]. Journal of Yunnan University: Natural Sciences Edition, 2020, 42(4): 750-759. DOI: 10.7540/j.ynu.20190680

三七及种植土壤重金属含量特征与人体健康风险评价

The characteristics of heavy metal content and health risk assessment in Panax notoginseng and planting soil

  • 摘要: 为保障三七药材使用重金属安全,对云南省69个三七种植地的土壤及三七药材中铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、砷(As)、铜(Cu)4种重金属含量进行了测定和污染评价,并进行了人体健康风险评价. 结果表明:三七种植地土壤Pb、Cd、As、Cu平均含量分别为60.8、0.57、49.44、84.27 mg·kg−1,土壤污染指数依次为Cd> Cu>As>Pb. 77.2%土壤样品潜在环境风险指数(RI)处于轻微水平,22.8%中等水平. 三七样品Pb、Cd、As、Cu平均含量分别为1.135、0.10、0.97、3.9 mg·kg−1,均低于药用植物及制剂外经贸绿色行业标准和中国药典安全标准限定值. 根据三七摄入量估算出各重金属日摄入量(EDI)分别为0.03~7.58、0.011~1、0.058~3.1、1.1~32.3 mg·kg−1;单个重金属危害指数(HI)和综合危害指数(THQ)均小于1. 综上所述,云南省三七种植土壤存在轻度和中度的重金属污染风险,选择三七种植地时要特别注意Cd污染程度,三七主根Pb、Cd、As、Cu平均含量未超出限定标准,按照药典要求食用三七对人体不会造成健康风险.

     

    Abstract: In order to promote the standardization and generalization of the treatment of heavy metal pollution in the soil of Panax notoginseng plantation, and to ensure the safety of Panax notoginseng medicinal usage, in this study, 69 Panax notoginseng planting areas in Yunnan Province were surveyed and sampled, and the contents of four heavy metals (including Pb, Cd, As and Cu) in the soil and Panax notoginseng plants were measured and the its ecological health risk was assessed. The results indicated that the average contents of Pb, Cd, As and Cu in the soil samples of Panax noginseng plantation were 60.8, 0.57, 49.44 mg·kg−1 and 84.27 mg·kg−1, respectively, and the soil pollution index was Cd>Cu>As>Pb in sequence. The potential environmental risk index (RI) of 77.2% soil samples was at the slight level and 22.8% was at the secondary level, while no samples were at the severe or especially severe level. The average contents of Pb, Cd, As and Cu in Panax noginseng samples were 1.135, 0.10, 0.97 mg·kg−1 and 3.9 mg·kg−1, respectively. According to the intake of Panax notoginseng, the daily intake of heavy metals (EDI) was estimated to be 0.03~7.58, 0.011~1, 0.058~3.1, 1.1~32.3 mg·kg−1, respectively. The single heavy metal hazard index (HI) and comprehensive hazard index (THQ) are both less than 1. To sum up, the planting soil of Panax noginseng in Yunnan Province is at ecological risk of mild and secondary heavy metal pollution, and special attention should be paid to the degree of Cd pollution when selecting Panax noginseng cultivated fields. There is no health risk when eating Panax noginseng according to the pharmacopoeia requirements.

     

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