罗喜平, 罗雄, 李国平, 王兴菊. 中国天眼“FAST”所在地两次大冰雹天气过程的对比分析[J]. 云南大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 43(1): 78-89. doi: 10.7540/j.ynu.20200086
引用本文: 罗喜平, 罗雄, 李国平, 王兴菊. 中国天眼“FAST”所在地两次大冰雹天气过程的对比分析[J]. 云南大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 43(1): 78-89. doi: 10.7540/j.ynu.20200086
LUO Xi-ping, LUO Xiong, LI Guo-ping, WANG Xing-ju. Comparative analysis of two heavy hail weather processes in the location of Chinese Sky Eye “FAST”[J]. Journal of Yunnan University: Natural Sciences Edition, 2021, 43(1): 78-89. DOI: 10.7540/j.ynu.20200086
Citation: LUO Xi-ping, LUO Xiong, LI Guo-ping, WANG Xing-ju. Comparative analysis of two heavy hail weather processes in the location of Chinese Sky Eye “FAST”[J]. Journal of Yunnan University: Natural Sciences Edition, 2021, 43(1): 78-89. DOI: 10.7540/j.ynu.20200086

中国天眼“FAST”所在地两次大冰雹天气过程的对比分析

Comparative analysis of two heavy hail weather processes in the location of Chinese Sky Eye “FAST”

  • 摘要: 利用常规气象资料、NCEP-FNL分析资料、新一代多普勒雷达和FY−2F卫星TBB资料,对比分析了近5年“中国天眼(FAST)”所在地的贵州省平塘县发生的2次大冰雹天气过程的环境场和物理量特征. 结果表明:高空冷槽、低层低涡−切变线及中低空强盛的急流是2次大冰雹过程的共同环流特征;较强的不稳定层结、低层较丰富的水汽、一定的抬升条件是2次冰雹天气的共同物理量特征. 但2次大冰雹过程的触发机制有所不同,“04.09”过程由地面辐合线触发对流引起,而“03.04”过程是静止锋冷垫之上触发的高架雷暴. 0 ℃层和−20 ℃层出现在适宜的高度有利于雹粒的增长,0 ℃层和−20 ℃层的厚度较小但垂直温度梯度较大,更有利于形成大冰雹. SWEAT、CAPE指数对冰雹天气有很好的指示意义,降雹前的指数高值中心与冰雹落区吻合,且指数数值越大,冰雹的直径亦越大. 较强的垂直风切变也是这2次大冰雹过程重要的影响因子.

     

    Abstract: Based on the conventional meteorological data, the National Centers for Environment Prediction Final Analysis (NCEP-FNL) data, new generation Doppler radar and the temperature of black body (TBB) data from Fengyun−2F (FY−2F) satellite, this paper compares and analyzes the environmental fields and physical quantity characteristics of two large hail weather processes in Pingtang County, Guizhou Province, where FAST is located, in the past 5 years. The results show that the cold trough in upper-level, the vortex shear in low level, and the strong jet in the middle and low levels were the common circulation characteristics of the two large hail processes; strong unstable stratification, abundant water vapor in the lower layer and certain lifting conditions were the same physical quantity characteristics of the two hailstorms. However, the triggering mechanisms of the two large hail processes were different: the "April 9th" process was triggered by the convergence line on the ground, while the "March 4th" process was an elevated thunderstorm triggered on the cold pad of the stationary front. The appropriate height of 0 ℃ and −20 ℃ layers is conducive to the growth of hailstones; meanwhile when the thickness of 0 ℃ layer and −20 ℃ layer is smaller and the vertical temperature gradient is larger, it is more conducive to the generation of large hailstones. The SWEAT and CAPE indexes have a good indication of hail value center of the index before the hail falls coincides with the high falling area, and the larger the index value, the larger the diameter of the hail. In addition, the strong vertical wind shear was also an important factor for those two hailstorms.

     

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