Abstract: In order to understand the resistance of Rosa germplasm resources to aphids, screen aphid resistant germplasm, and provide the basis for parent selection of rose breeding for aphid resistance, the aphid resistance of 75 Rosa germplasm resources was evaluated by artificial inoculation of aphids. The results showed that the resistance of different germplasm resources to aphids was different. Among the 75 Rosa germplasm resources, 44 (58.67%) were resistant to aphids, 31 (41.33%) were susceptible to aphids, which meant the distribution of aphid resistant germplasm resources in different types of Rosa was uneven. Wild species showed relatively higher resistance to aphids. The results showed that Rosa praelucens, R. banksiae, R. damascena, R. laevigata and R. hybrid ‘Saturn terrace’ were highly resistant to aphids, and R. longicuspis, R. cymosa, R. bracteata, R. rugosa , R. omeiensis, R. chinensis var. Semperflorens, R. roxburghii showed the highest resistance. R. odorata var. gigantea, R. multiflora. var. carnea showed low resistance. The selected aphid resistant resources were recommended to be used as breeding parents and commercial cultivated germplasm in the future, from which the aphid resistant genes could be selected and introduced into modern rose to cultivate new aphid resistant varieties. It is not only conducive to increase economic benefits, improve ornamental value, but also conducive to ecological green development.