Abstract: In order to provide reference for the application of Litsea cubeba nano microcapsules, adopting complex aggregation method to use Litsea cubeba oil (LCO) as the core material, chitosan (chitosan, CS) as the wall material, and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as curing crosslinking agent, LCO/CS nanocapsules were prepared by complex aggregation method and freeze-drying. The field emission scanning electron microscope, Fourier infrared spectrometer, and thermogravimetric analyzer were used to investigate the surface structure, embedding effect and thermal stability of LCO/CS nanocapsules. The results show that: ① The complex coagulation method can cover LCO effectively and embedding rate is 25%, and the particle size of the LCO/CS nanocapsules is 450 nm. After drying, it will be white powder with the special aroma of L. cubeba. The bulk density is 0.1667 g/cm³ with good compaction effect, and large storage capacity in a small space. The repose angle is 31.72° with small viscosity and the good fluidity. ② Scanning electron microscopy show that the LCO/CS nanocapsules are irregularly spherical with the collapsed surface. ③ Thermogravimetric results show that the heat release temperature of LCO/CS nanocapsules is 280−700 ℃. Compared with LCO, LCO/CS nanocapsules have good thermal stability. ④ The sustained release experiment is carried out and the results show that as the temperature increased, the release rate of LCO/CS nanocapsules in the air increased. The above research show that L. cubeba nano microcapsules have potential applications in food, daily chemicals and textiles.