Abstract:
Based on meteorological observation and ERA5 reanalysis data, three persistent low-vortex heavy precipitation events that occurred from 2018 to 2020 over Yunnan Province under the atmospheric circulation background of the convergence area between two highs were selected, and a comparative analysis of the three events was conducted to explore the similarities and differences of circulation patterns, dynamic and thermal factors, and the convergence of water vapor associated with the low-vortex heavy precipitation. The results showed: ① With the westward extension of the West Pacific Subtropical High (WPSH) in the warm half year, the atmospheric circulation patterns of the convergence area between two highs tended to occur over Yunnan Province. Meanwhile, the persistent heavy precipitation event was commonly observed over Yunnan Province if a low vortex occursed in the convergence area. Besides, the heavy precipitation over Yunnan Province was not completely distributed in the narrow and long convergence zone. ② There were similar characteristics of precipitation distribution and movement of the rainband among the precipitation events, while the concentration of the rainband, the range of the precipitation distribution, the hourly precipitation intensity, and the total precipitation amount were different. At the beginning of the event, the location of the heavy precipitation was easterly. With the westward extension of the WPSH and the guidance of the northeast guiding airflow, the low vortex moved southward and westward, which also leads to the southward and westward movements of the rainband. The stagnation of the vortex over a region may led the precipitation to be concentrated over the region. In addition, under the circulation background with stronger westward extension of the WPSH, the convergence zone was more concentrated, and the rainband with precipitation amount equal to or more than heavy rain was also narrower. ③ The precipitation caused by the low vortex was mainly distributed over the center of the low vortex and the low-vortex shears, and the precipitation occurred under the situation with high temperature and high humidity over low-level troposphere. However, with the intrusion of low-level and mid-to-high level cold air, the hourly precipitation intensity would be stronger, and the location of the precipitation would be northerly. The location of low-vortex precipitation showed a tight relationship with convergence region of water vapor. During the situation with weaker convergence of water vapor, the total precipitation amount would also be less.