基于图神经网络和随机游走的链路预测算法

Link prediction algorithm based on graph neural networks and random walks

  • 摘要: 链路预测是通过已知网络节点或者网络拓扑结构预测未产生链接的两个节点间产生链接的可能性. 传统方法大多从原始图中提取转移矩阵,导致获取的信息稀疏. 鉴于此,设计了一种基于图神经网络和随机游走的链路预测框架(link prediction-graph neural network and random walk, LP-GNRW). 首先,通过基于注意力机制的图神经网络Bert学习节点的多种嵌入表示;然后,结合随机游走,获取图的高阶结构信息;最后,将链路预测转换成二分类问题,通过图神经网络对获得的高阶结构信息进行二分类实现链路预测. 实验表明LP-GNRW能更有效地学习图结构特征,与基于步行的启发式方法相比,获得了更好的AUC指标,提高了链路预测的性能.

     

    Abstract: Link prediction aims to utilize the known nodes or network topology to predict the likelihood of connection between two unlinked nodes in a network. Traditional link prediction methods often extract transition matrices from the original graph, which leads to sparse information. So, a link prediction algorithm based on graph neural networks and random walks called LP-GNRW is proposed in this paper. Firstly, Bert, an attention-based graph neural network, is introduced to obtain the multiple embedding representations for nodes. Then, the high-order structural information of the graph is captured by combining these representations with random walks. Finally, we transform the link prediction task into a binary classification problem and the graph neural network is adopted to classifying the obtained high-order structural information to perform the link prediction. Experimental results demonstrate that LP-GNRW can effectively learn the graph structural features. Compared with other heuristic methods based on random walks, it achieves a superior AUC score and enhances the performance of link prediction.

     

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