基于多源观测的昆明准静止锋垂直结构特征分析

Analysis of the vertical structure characteristics of Kunming Quasi-Stationary Front based on multi-source observation data

  • 摘要: 为研究昆明准静止锋(Kunming Quasi-Stationary Front,KQSF)垂直结构特征,根据2023年6月21—24日的一次昆明准静止锋强降水天气过程,利用昆明准静止锋科学试验基地(弥勒)毫米波云雷达、微波辐射计,结合自动站、ERA5再分析资料,对新型观测资料温湿结构、反射率因子、径向速度等进行分析研究. 结果表明:(1)准静止锋西进造成温度降低,准静止锋过程弥勒主导风向为北风;(2)微波辐射计观测的积分水汽、积分云液水在降水前明显增加,地面实况降水发生时间滞后于微波辐射计积分水汽、积分云液水、水汽密度廓线、液态水廓线增长时间;(3)毫米波云雷达径向速度、反射率因子在降水前明显增大,降水结束前回波高度、径向速度减小,连续性降水相较于阵性降水,回波顶高更高、云层更厚,粒子径向速度更大.

     

    Abstract: In order to study the vertical structurel characteristics of Kunming Quasi-Stationary Front, according to the Kunming Quasi-Stationary Front heavy precipitation on June 21−24, 2023, using Kunming Quasi-Stationary Front Scientific Test Base (Mile) millimeter-wave cloud radar and microwave radiometer, combined with automatic station and ERA5 reanalysis data, the temperature and humidity structure, reflectivity factor and radial velocity of the new observation data were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) The westward advance of the quasi-stationary front caused the temperature decrease, and the dominant wind direction was the north wind; (2) The integral water vapor and integral cloud liquid water observed by microwave radiometer increased significantly before precipitation, and the occurrence time of real precipitation on the ground lags behind the growth time of integral water vapor, integral cloud liquid water vapor, vapor density profile and liquid water profile of microwave radiometer; (3) The radial velocity and reflectance factor of millimeter-wave cloud radar increased significantly before precipitation, and the echo height and radial velocity decreased before the end of precipitation. Compared with matrix precipitation, continuous precipitation had higher echo top height, thicker clouds and greater particle radial velocity.

     

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