Abstract: In order to reveal the evolution law of the landscape pattern in the expressway construction area, taking the Kunming-Shilin Scenic Area highway (Kunming-Shilin highway) as an example, different range buffers were established through ArcGIS 10.3 software and Fragstats 4.2 software, and the evolution of the landscape pattern of the Kunming-Shilin highway from 2000 to 2020 was analyzed in combination with the landscape pattern indices. The results show that the construction of the expressway has led to the overall fragmentation of the landscape pattern. The number of natural landscape patches, patch density and landscape separation degree in the 1 km buffer zone on both sides of the road have increased. There are differences in the response ranges of different landscape types to the construction of the highway. Generally speaking, the main landscape response range of the construction of the Kunming-Shilin highway is 200−500 meters in width on both sides along the highway. Reasonable ecological protection and soil and water conservation measures can effectively alleviate the landscape fragmentation along the expressway, and the disturbed and damaged landscape ecology can be gradually restored after a certain recovery period.