基于相空间重构和改进ConvNeXt的先心病相关肺动脉高压诊断

Based on phase space reconstruction and improved ConvNeXt for the diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension related to congenital heart disease

  • 摘要: 针对先天性心脏病相关肺动脉高压听诊特征不明显和现有机器辅助诊断算法准确率不高的问题,提出了一种基于相空间重构(phase space reconstruction,PSR)的特征提取方法,保留了非线性心音系统动力学特性. 首先,采用自适应双阈值分割方法提取心动周期;接着,通过可调Q因子小波(tunable Q-factor wavelet transform,TQWT)提取主要能量的主子带,并将其作为PSR的参考变量进行特征提取;最后,设计一种融合多尺度卷积、空间分组增强(spatial group-wise enhance,SGE)注意力机制和高效通道注意力机制(efficient channel attention,ECA)改进的ConvNeXt网络作为分类模型. 在三分类任务中,准确率、精确率、灵敏度、特异度和F1得分分别达到91.16%、91.19%、91.16%、95.58%和91.14%. 结果显示,提出的算法在先天性心脏病相关肺动脉高压辅助诊断中具有显著效果.

     

    Abstract: Aiming at the problems of inconspicuous auscultatory features of pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart disease and the low accuracy of existing machine-assisted diagnostic algorithms, a feature extraction method based on phase space reconstruction (PSR) is proposed, which preserves the kinetic properties of the nonlinear heart sound system. First, the cardiac cycle is extracted by an adaptive dual-threshold segmentation method. Then, the main subbands of the main energy are extracted by tunable Q-factor wavelet transform (TQWT), which is used as the reference variable of PSR for feature extraction. Finally, a ConvNeXt network incorporating multi-scale convolution, spatial group-wise enhancement (SGE) attention mechanism and Efficient channel attention (ECA) improvement is designed as a classification model. In the three classification tasks, the accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity and F1 scores reached 91.16%, 91.19%, 91.16%, 95.58% and 91.14%, respectively. The results show that the algorithm proposed in this study has a significant effect in the auxiliary diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart disease.

     

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