Abstract: The chemical constituents of the leaves of P. icosandra L. were studied by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel column, high performance liquid chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum. Seventeen chemical compounds were isolated and identificated. Compound 1 is a new lignan glycoside named hedyotioside A. And the antibacterial activities of the isolated compounds against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans were studied. The result showed that compound 17 (linolenic acid) has a good inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus.