Abstract: Wine quality and the specific regional characters are influenced by wild yeasts in the must.Several factors such as climate,viticulture practice show their effects on the diversity and population of yeasts in the must at the beginning stage of wine fermentations.Mile,Yunnan Province is the only recognized wine region in south China.The leading local wine grape variety Crystal were taken as the sample,yeasts on it were isolated with YPD medium,and identified based on the genomic DNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region and 26S rRNA D1/D2 region.A total of 82 isolates were ascribed to 4 genera and 6 species,namely Hanseniaspora uvarum,Candida diversa,Candida zemplinina,Issatchenkia occidentalis,Cryptococcus flavescens,Candida stellata.The dominant genus was Candida and the dominant species was Hanseniaspora uvarum.This is the first report on the natural yeast population composition in Yunnan wine must,and it could help to develop the regional character of crystal wine.