Abstract: Using the geomagnetic models of J.BloxhamA.Jackson(BJ)and the International Geomag-netic Reference Field(IGRF),the distribution and time-variation of the geomagnetic total energy and its northern,eastern and vertical components have been calculated and analyzed from the core mantle boundary(CMB)to the Earth’s surface since year 1690.The results show that the variations of the geomagnetic total power and its components of northern and vertical direction are found to agree well and have been kept de-creasing since year 1690.But there is an increase of the power of eastern direction as it is fluctuant.Otherwise,the power of the magnetic dipole field is kept decreasing successively,while the power of the non-dipole field is decreasing during 1690—1770 and has been kept increasing since year 1770.Else,the geomagnetic energy density is increasing more quickly at CMB nearby.And the geomagnetic energy density beyond the Earth’s surface is only 1.6% of that beyond the CMB.Lastly,there is an opposite time-variation between the geomag-netic energy density of the dipole and non-dipole field from the Earth’s surface to the CMB.The geomagnetic energy density is decreasing for the dipole part,which is increasing for the non-dipole part.